Abstract

Objective: To describe the current situation and analyze some factors related to treatment adherence in outpatients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension at Ha Dong General Hospital in 2026.

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 365 outpatients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension at the Outpatient Department of Ha Dong General Hospital from December 2025 to August 2026 using a structured interview questionnaire and medical record analysis. The data was then processed using SPSS 26.0. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were applied in univariate analysis and a multivariate logistic regression model to identify independent associated factors through the adjusted odds ratio, calculating the OR with a 95% confidence interval (95%CI).

Results: The average age of the study subjects was 65.00 ± 8.72 years, with 51.2% being female. The overall treatment adherence rate was 57.0%. Patients showed the best adherence to regular follow-up appointments (98.9%) and blood glucose monitoring (95.1%), but the weakest in physical exercise (52.3%) and home blood pressure monitoring (64.1%). Multivariate regression analysis identified three independent barriers to adherence: age group ≥ 60 (OR = 7.09; p < 0.001), female gender (OR = 1.90; p = 0.007), and education level ≤ high school (OR = 1.88; p = 0.009). Notably, knowledge played a decisive role, with patients with insufficient knowledge having a 11.44 times higher risk of non-adherence compared to those with sufficient knowledge (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: The treatment adherence rate among type 2 diabetes patients with hypertension at the hospital was only at an average level (57.0%). The study results highlight the importance of promoting individualized health education, focusing on the elderly, women, and those with lower educational levels, while also mobilizing family support to maintain long-term treatment regimens for patients.